Tafseer of Those drawn up in Ranks · As-Saaffaat · 37:11
Then inquire of them, [O Muhammad], "Are they a stronger [or more difficult] creation or those [others] We have created?" Indeed, We created men from sticky clay.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The statement concerning the explanation of His words, exalted is He: فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ أَهُمْ أَشَدُّ خَلْقًا أَمْ مَنْ خَلَقْنَا إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِنْ طِينٍ لازِبٍ (11) ("So ask them for a ruling: are they stronger in creation, or those whom We have created? We have indeed created them from sticky clay.") (11)
He, exalted is His mention, says to His Prophet Muḥammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: ask, O Muḥammad, these polytheists (mushrikīn) who deny the resurrection after death and the rising again after perishing, for a ruling. He says: ask them: are they stronger in creation? He says: is their creation stronger, or the creation of those whom We have created and enumerated: the angels, the devils, the heavens, and the earth?
And it has been mentioned that this, in the reading of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd, reads: "أهُمْ أشَدُّ خَلْقا أمْ مَنْ عَدَدْنَا" ("are they stronger in creation, or those whom We have enumerated?").
And in agreement with what we have said about this, the people of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) have spoken.
* Mention of who said that:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us, all on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid ( أهُمْ أشَدُّ خَلْقا أمْ مَنْ خَلَقْنَا )؟, he said: the heavens, the earth, and the mountains.
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Wāḍiḥ related to us, saying: ʿUbayd ibn Sulaymān related to us, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk, that he read: "أهُمْ أَشَدُّ خَلْقا أمْ مَنْ عَدَدْنَا"؟ ("are they stronger in creation, or those whom We have enumerated?"); and in the reading of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd it has "عَدَدْنَا" ("We have enumerated"). He says: رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَرَبُّ الْمَشَارِقِ ("the Lord of the heavens and the earth and what is between them, and the Lord of the places of sunrise"). He says: are they stronger in creation, or the heavens and the earth? He says: the heavens and the earth are stronger in creation than they.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda ( فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ أهُمْ أَشَدُّ خَلْقا أمْ مَنْ عَدَدْنَا ) of the creation of the heavens and the earth; Allah said: لَخَلْقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ خَلْقِ النَّاسِ ("the creation of the heavens and the earth is indeed greater than the creation of mankind") ... the verse.
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī ( فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ أهُمْ أشَدُّ خَلْقَا ), he said: he means the polytheists, ask them: are they stronger in creation ( أمْ مَنْ خَلَقْنَا ) ("or those whom We have created")?
And His statement ( إنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِنْ طِينٍ لازِبٍ ) ("We have indeed created them from sticky clay"): He says: We created them from clinging clay. And He, exalted is His praise, described it only with stickiness (luzūb), because it is dust mixed with water; and likewise the creation of the son of Adam is from dust, water, fire, and air. When dust is mixed with water, it becomes sticky clay (ṭīn lāzib). The Arabs sometimes substitute this bāʾ with a mīm, so they say: ṭīn lāzim. Of this is the saying of al-Najāshī al-Ḥārithī:
بنـى اللـؤم بيتـا فاسـتقرت عمـاده ("Baseness built a house, and its pillars stood firm") عليكــم بنـي النجـار ضربـة لازم ("upon you, O Banū al-Najjār, rests an abiding blow")
And to [the word] lāzib belongs the saying of Nābigha of Banū Dhubyān:
ولا يحسـبون الخـير لا شـرَّ بعـدهُ ("And they do not reckon that there is good after which there is no evil") ولا يحســبون الشـر ضربـة لازب ("and they do not reckon that the evil is an abiding blow")
And sometimes they substituted the zāy that is in lāzib with a tāʾ, so that they say: ṭīn lātib. And it has been mentioned that this occurs among [the tribe] Qays. Al-Farrāʾ claimed that Abū al-Jarrāḥ recited to him:
صــداعٌ وتـوصيمُ العظـامِ وفـترة ("A headache, the aching of the bones, and lassitude") وغثـي مـع الإشراق في الجوف لاتب ("and nausea at the rising of the sun, abiding in the inward parts")
with the meaning of: lāzim ("abiding"). And the verb of lāzib is: lazaba, yalzubu, lazban and luzūban.