Tafseer of Sheba · Saba · 34:52
And they will [then] say, "We believe in it!" But how for them will be the taking [of faith] from a place far away?
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of the saying of the Exalted: وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ (34:52) (And they say: We believe in it. But how could they grasp it from a far-off place?) (34:52)
The Exalted, whose remembrance is exalted, says: And these polytheists (mushrikīn) say, when they behold the punishment of Allah with their own eyes: We believe in it, that is to say: we believe in Allah, in His Book, and in His Messenger.
And in accordance with what we have said about this, the people of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) have spoken.
* Mention of who said that:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word (وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ): they said: We believe in Allah.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda (وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ): at that moment, that is to say: when they beheld the punishment of Allah with their own eyes.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His word (وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ): after death (in the battle). And His word (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ) he says: and from which side could they grasp it?
The reciters of the various regions differ over this. The general reciters of Medina recite it (التَّنَاوُشُ) without hamza, with the meaning of: the grasping, the reaching. And the general reciters of Kufa and Basra recite it (التَّنَاؤُشُ) with hamza, with the meaning of al-tanaʾʾush, which is the tarrying, the being slow. One says of that: tanāʾashtu al-shayʾa: I took it from afar, and nushtuhu: I took it from nearby. To al-tanaʾʾush belongs the saying of the poet:
"He wished too late (naʾīshan) that he had obeyed me, but after the event other matters had already come to pass."
And to al-nawsh belongs the saying of the rajaz-poet:
"She reaches for the watering-trough with a reach from above, a reach with which she cleaves the expanses of the desert."
And one says of people in war, when some of them draw near the lances but have not yet reached one another: the people have reached toward one another (tanāwasha al-qawm).
The correct judgement concerning this, in my view, is that one says: they are two recitations that are well known among the reciters of the regions, with closely related meaning. That is because the meaning of this is: and they say: we believe in Allah, at a moment when the uttering of this does not benefit them. Then Allah says (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ), that is to say: and how could they attain repentance and return? That is to say: it has become far from them, so that they are removed from it as from a far-off place, too far to grasp. And that place was described as far only because they said that on the Day of Resurrection. So Allah says: How could they attain the accepted repentance, when the accepted repentance existed only in the worldly life, and the worldly life has passed and become far removed from the Hereafter? Whichever of the two mentioned recitations the reciter recites, he hits the truth therein.
And it is possible that those who recited it with hamza supplied it with a hamza while intending the meaning of the one who did not supply it with a hamza, but they supplied it with a hamza on account of the ḍamma of the wāw, and thus they exchanged it — as has been said: (وَإِذَا الرُّسُلُ أُقِّتَتْ), where the wāw of waqqatat, when it received a ḍamma, was supplied with a hamza.
And in accordance with what we have said about this, the people of interpretation have spoken.
* Mention of who said that:
Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Ibn ʿAṭiyya related to us, saying: Isrāʾīl related to us, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of al-Tamīmī, who said: I said to Ibn ʿAbbās: What is your opinion concerning the word of Allah (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ)? He said: They ask to be brought back, but it is not the time of return.
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Ḥakkām related to us, on the authority of ʿAnbasa, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of al-Tamīmī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, something similar.
ʿAlī related to me, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ), he says: How could they be brought back?
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ), he said: the return.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ), he said: the alternation (al-tanāwub) (مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ).
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His word (وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ), he said: These are the slain of the people of Badr, those among them who were killed, and he recited (وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذْ فَزِعُوا فَلا فَوْتَ وَأُخِذُوا مِنْ مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ * وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ ...) the verse. He said: al-tanāwush is the grasping; and how could they grasp repentance from a far-off place, when they neglected it in the worldly life? He said: And this is after death, in the Hereafter.
He said: And Ibn Zayd said concerning His word (وَقَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ) after being slain, (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ), and he recited (وَلا الَّذِينَ يَمُوتُونَ وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ). He said: For them there is no repentance. And he said: Allah offered them that they should repent once, so that Allah would accept it from them, but they refused; or rather they offer the repentance after death. He said: So they offer it in the Hereafter five times, but Allah refuses to accept it from them. He said: And for whoever repents at the moment of death there is no repentance. (وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذْ وُقِفُوا عَلَى النَّارِ فَقَالُوا يَا لَيْتَنَا نُرَدُّ وَلا نُكَذِّبَ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّنَا ...) the verse, and he recited (رَبَّنَا أَبْصَرْنَا وَسَمِعْنَا فَارْجِعْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا إِنَّا مُوقِنُونَ).
ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd related to us, saying: Marwān related to us, on the authority of Juwaybir, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk, concerning the word (وَأَنَّى لَهُمُ التَّنَاوُشُ), he said: How could they attain the return?
And His word (مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ) he says: from their Hereafter to the worldly life.
As Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word (مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ): from the Hereafter to the worldly life.