Tafseer of The Family of Imraan · Aal-i-Imraan · 3:175
That is only Satan who frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The statement concerning the explanation of His word: إِنَّمَا ذَلِكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ (That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies).
Abū Jaʿfar said: By this He means, exalted is His mention: Verily, he who said to you, O believers: إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ ("Verily, the people have gathered against you"), and thereby instilled fear in you through the multitudes of your enemy and their advance toward you—that was a deed of Satan, which he cast upon the mouths of those who said that to you; he instills fear in you through his allies among the polytheists (mushrikīn)—Abū Sufyān and his companions from the Quraysh—so that you might fear them and become cowardly before them, as:-
8256 - Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," by Allah, he instills fear in the believer through the unbeliever, and he frightens the believer with the unbeliever.
8257 - Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, he said: Mujāhid said: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," he said: he instills fear in the believers through the unbelievers.
8258 - Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," he says: Satan instills fear in the believers through his allies.
8259 - Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Salama related to us, on the authority of Ibn Isḥāq: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," that is to say: that group, namely the band from ʿAbd al-Qays who said to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, what they said, and what Satan cast upon their mouths = "who instills fear of his allies," that is to say: he frightens you through his allies.
8260 - Yūnus related to me, saying: ʿAlī ibn Maʿbad informed us, on the authority of ʿAttāb ibn Bashīr, the freedman of the Quraysh, on the authority of Sālim al-Afṭas, concerning His word: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," he said: he instills fear in you through his allies.
* * *
Others said: The meaning of that is: Verily, that is only Satan who magnifies the affair of the polytheists, O you hypocrites (munāfiqūn), in your souls, so that you fear him.
* Mention of who said that:
8261 - Muḥammad related to us, saying: Aḥmad related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī, he said: he mentioned the affair of the polytheists and their greatness in the eyes of the hypocrites, and said: "That is only Satan, who instills fear of his allies," he magnifies his allies in your hearts, so that you fear him.
* * *
Abū Jaʿfar said: If someone says: How is it said: "who instills fear of his allies"? Does Satan then instill fear in his allies? [And how] is it said = if the meaning of it is: he instills fear in you through his allies = "who instills fear of his allies"? Then it is answered: that is similar to His word: لِيُنْذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا [sūrat al-Kahf: 2] ("that he may warn of a severe might"), in the meaning of: that he may warn you of His severe might; for the might (al-baʾs) is not itself warned, but rather one is only warned of it.
* * *
And some of the grammarians of Basra said: The meaning of that is: he instills fear in the people of his allies, like the saying of someone: "He gives the dirhams and clothes in the garments," in the meaning of: he gives the people the dirhams and clothes them in the garments; that is omitted because one could dispense with it.
* * *
Abū Jaʿfar said: But that to which this is likened is not a valid comparison, for "the dirhams" in someone's saying: "He gives the dirhams"—it is known that what is given is "the dirhams," whereas in the case of "the allies"—in His word: "who instills fear of his allies"—it is not so that it is they who are made to fear; rather, the instilling of fear comes on account of the allies toward others, and therefore the two differ.
* * *
The statement concerning the explanation of His word: فَلا تَخَافُوهُمْ وَخَافُونِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ (175) (So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are believers (175)).
Abū Jaʿfar said: He says: So fear not, O believers, the polytheists, and let not their affair be great in your eyes, and be not afraid of their multitude, so long as you obey Me; so long as you obey Me and follow My command, I guarantee for you the help and the victory, but fear Me and beware of disobeying Me and opposing My command, lest you perish = "if you are believers," he says: but fear Me, not the polytheists and not the whole of My creation, that you should oppose My command, if you hold My Messenger and what he has brought you from Me to be true.