Tafseer of The Light · An-Noor · 24:60
And women of post-menstrual age who have no desire for marriage - there is no blame upon them for putting aside their outer garments [but] not displaying adornment. But to modestly refrain [from that] is better for them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Allah the Exalted says: and the women who have ceased childbearing due to old age — those who no longer menstruate and no longer bear children, and whose singular form is qāʿid — اللاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا ("who do not desire marriage"): that is to say, the women who once hoped for husbands but no longer desire them — فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ ("there is no blame upon them for laying aside their outer garments"): that is to say, there is no blame upon them and no sin in laying aside their outer garments (thiyāb) — what is meant are the jilbabs: the wrap that is worn over the headcloth, and the rida (mantle) that is worn over the clothing. There is no blame upon them in laying these aside in the presence of their male mahrams, as well as in the presence of non-mahrams who are strangers — provided they do not do this in order to display their beauty.
What we have said about this is also the view of the exegetes.
We here mention those who said this:
ʿAlī related to me, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — concerning His word وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اللاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا — and he said: the woman has no blame in sitting at home in a long undergarment and a headcloth and laying aside the jilbab, as long as she does not do this for that which Allah disapproves. This is the word of Allah: فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ — and then he said: وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ .
It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, who said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd informed us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say concerning the word يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : he means the jilbab, and that is the wrap. This applies to the older woman who has ceased childbearing — it does not harm her if she does not wear a jilbab over her headcloth. But every free Muslim woman is obligated, once she has reached the age of menstruation, to let the jilbab hang over her headcloth. Allah says in sūrat al-Aḥzāb: يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ جَلابِيبِهِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَنْ يُعْرَفْنَ فَلا يُؤْذَيْنَ . There were in Medina hypocritical men who, when a woman passed by with a less fine outward appearance, supposed that she was a prostitute and that she was among the women they were seeking. They harassed the believing women with obscene words and could not distinguish the free woman from the slave woman. Then Allah sent down concerning this: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ جَلابِيبِهِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَنْ يُعْرَفْنَ فَلا يُؤْذَيْنَ — he says: when their appearance was fine, the hypocrites took no interest in them.
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me — he said: Ibn Jurayj said, concerning the word وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ : "the women who have ceased childbearing and have grown old." Ibn Jurayj said: Mujāhid said concerning اللاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا : "they do not desire it" — فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : he said: "their jilbabs."
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning the word وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اللاتِي لا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ : he said: "the laying aside of the headcloth." The woman who does not desire marriage is the one who has grown so old that men have no need of her and she has no need of men. When they reach that age, they may lay aside the headcloth — provided they do not do this in order to display their beauty. Then he said: وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ — "my father used to say all of this thus."
Ibn Bashār related to us, saying: Yaḥyā and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, they said: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of ʿAlqama ibn Marthad, on the authority of Dharr, on the authority of Abū Wāʾil, on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh — concerning the word فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : he said: "the jilbab or the rida" — Sufyān was uncertain [which word he had said].
He said: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Mālik ibn al-Ḥārith, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yazīd, on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh — concerning فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : he said: "the rida."
Yaḥyā ibn Ibrāhīm al-Masʿūdī related to me, saying: my father related to us, on the authority of his father, on the authority of his grandfather, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Mālik ibn al-Ḥārith, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yazīd, who said: ʿAbd Allāh said concerning this verse فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : "it is the great mantle (al-milḥafa)."
Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar related to us, saying: Shuʿba related to us, on the authority of al-Ḥakam, who said: I heard Abū Wāʾil say: I heard ʿAbd Allāh say concerning this verse فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : "the jilbab."
Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd related to us on the authority of Shuʿba, who said: al-Ḥakam informed me, on the authority of Abū Wāʾil, on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh — to the same effect.
Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, on the authority of al-Thawrī, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Mālik ibn al-Ḥārith, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yazīd, on the authority of Ibn Masʿūd — concerning the word أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ : he said: "it is the rida."
Al-Ḥasan said: ʿAbd al-Razzāq said: al-Thawrī said — and Abū Ḥaṣīn and Sālim al-Afṭas informed me, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, who said: "it is the rida."
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of al-Mughīra, on the authority of al-Shaʿbī — concerning أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ : he said: "the woman who is deficient and not married may lay aside the jilbab." Al-Shaʿbī said: Ubayy ibn Kaʿb read it as: أَنْ يَضَعْنَ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ .
Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm related to me, saying: Ibn ʿUlayya related to us, saying: I asked Ibn Abī Najīḥ about the word فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ — he said: "the jilbab." Yaʿqūb said: Abū Yūnus said: I asked him: "On the authority of Mujāhid?" He answered: "Yes — in the house and in the chamber."
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us — and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both from Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid — concerning the word فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ : he said: "their jilbabs."
His word غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ ("provided they do not display any adornment"): that is to say, there is no blame upon them in laying aside their mantles, provided they do not do this with the intention of showing their adornments to the men. Al-tabarruj (the displaying) means that a woman shows of her beauties that which she ought to conceal.
His word وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ ("and that they keep themselves chaste is better for them"): that is to say, if they refrain from laying aside their jilbabs and mantles and wear them, that is better for them than to lay them aside.
What we have said about this is also the view of the exegetes.
We here mention those who said this:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to us, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us — and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both from Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid — concerning وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ : he said: "that they wear their jilbabs."
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of al-Mughīra, on the authority of al-Shaʿbī — concerning وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ : he said: "the refraining from that" — he means: the refraining from laying aside the clothing.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning وَأَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ — "and keeping chaste consists in wearing the headcloth on her head" — "my father used to say all of this thus" — وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ — [Allah hears] what you utter with your tongues — عَلِيمٌ — aware of what your breasts conceal. So fear Him, lest you utter with your tongues what He has forbidden you to utter, or lest you keep in your breasts what He has counseled you against, so that you thereby deserve His punishment.