Tafseer of The Light · An-Noor · 24:36
[Such niches are] in mosques which Allah has ordered to be raised and that His name be mentioned therein; exalting Him within them in the morning and the evenings
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Allah, exalted be His praise, means by فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ (in houses which Allah has permitted to be raised): Allah is the light of the heavens and the earth; the likeness of His light is as a niche (mishkāt) in which there is a lamp — [this light is] in houses which Allah has permitted to be raised.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us — Ibn Zayd said: the mishkāt is the stand in which there is the wick on which the lamp burns; the lamps [are] in houses which Allah has permitted to be raised.
Abū Jaʿfar said: it is also possible that "min" (in "tūqadu min shajaratin") belongs to "tūqadu," so that the meaning is: that lamp is kindled from a blessed tree, in houses which Allah has permitted to be raised. By "houses" mosques are meant.
The commentators differed about this.
Some said what we said.
Mention of those who said this:
Ibn Ḥumayd and Naṣr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Awdī related to us, they said: Ḥakkām related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid, on the authority of Abū Ṣāliḥ — concerning فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: the mosques.
ʿAlī related to me, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiyah related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — concerning فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : these are the mosques; they are honored, and idle talk in them is forbidden.
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — he said: every mosque in which one prays, great or small.
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid — concerning فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: mosques that are built.
Al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of al-Ḥasan — concerning فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: in the mosques. Maʿmar also said: on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of ʿAmr ibn Maymūn — he said: I met the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and they said: mosques are the houses of Allah, and it is fitting for Allah to honor the one who visits Him in them.
Others said: by this all houses are meant.
Mention of those who said this:
Ibn Ḥumayd and Naṣr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Awdī related to us — Ḥakkām ibn Salm related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid, on the authority of ʿIkrima — concerning فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: these are all houses.
We chose the opinion we chose because the statement يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالآصَالِ رِجَالٌ لا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ indicates that these are houses built for prayer; hence we said: they are mosques.
The commentators also differed about أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ :
Some said: it means "permission was given to build them."
Mention of those who said this:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us, both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid — أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: to build.
Others said: the meaning is "permission was given to glorify them."
Mention of those who said this:
Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of al-Ḥasan — concerning أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ : he said: to glorify them for the sake of the remembrance of Him.
The most correct opinion in our judgment is that of Mujāhid: the meaning is that Allah permitted them to be built up — just as Allah also said وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْقَوَاعِدَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ (and when Ibrāhīm raised the foundations of the House). For "raising" in its ordinary sense with respect to houses and buildings is: building.
His statement وَيُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ — Allah gave permission that His name be remembered in them. It has also been said: by this is meant that He gave them permission to recite the Qurʾān in them.
ʿAlī related to me, saying: ʿAbdallāh related to us, saying: Muʿāwiyah related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — he said: وَيُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ — that is to say: His Book is recited in them. This interpretation is close in meaning to ours, for the recitation of the Qurʾān belongs to the remembrance of Allah — but the meaning we chose is clearer, and we therefore preferred it.
His statement يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالآصَالِ رِجَالٌ لا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ :
The reciters (qurrāʾ) differed over the reading of "yusabbiḥu lahu." The majority read it with ḍamma on the yāʾ and kasra on the bāʾ — as a verb of which "rijālun" (men) is the subject; that is to say: men glorify Him in them. Only ʿĀṣim and Ibn ʿĀmir read it "yusabbaḥu lahu" with ḍamma on the yāʾ and fatḥa on the bāʾ — as a passive verb — and then raised "rijāl" by means of a further specified verb. The stronger reading is that of the kasra, in which "rijāl" is the subject; for the description of the houses is already complete without the addition of يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِيهَا , so that there is no reason to let the passive refer to the houses rather than to the men. The meaning of يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالآصَالِ is: they pray to Him in these houses in the mornings and the evenings.
In a like sense the commentators have explained this verse.
Mention of those who said this:
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan al-Azdī related to me, saying: al-Muʿāfā ibn ʿImrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of ʿAmmār al-Duhnī, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — he said: every tasbīḥ in the Qurʾān is a prayer.
ʿAlī related to me, saying: ʿAbdallāh related to us, saying: Muʿāwiyah related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — he said: يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالآصَالِ — that is to say: one prays to Him in them in the morning and the evening; al-ghuduww is the morning prayer and al-āṣāl is the ʿaṣr prayer; these are the first two obligatory prayers that Allah ordained.