Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   His words كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ — "Every soul shall taste death." Allah, exalted be His praise, says: every soul that is an ensouled soul among His creatures shall undergo the agonies of death and drink its cup.

   His words وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً — "And We test you with evil and good as a trial." Allah, exalted be His praise, says: We put you to the test, O people, with evil — that is the hardships with which We try you — and with good, that is ease, prosperity, and health, with which We put you to the test.

   In accordance with what we have said about this, the exegetes also spoke.

   Mention of those who said this:

   Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, who said: Ibn ʿAbbās said concerning the words وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً : "With prosperity and hardship; and both are a trial."

   Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning the words وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً : "We try you with evil as a trial (balāʾ) and with good as a trial (fitna). وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ — And to Us you shall be returned."

   Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning the words وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ : "We try them with what they love and with what they detest; We put them to the test thereby to see how their gratitude is in what they love and how their patience is in what they detest."

   ʿAlī related to me, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning the words وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ : "We put you to the test with hardship and prosperity, with health and sickness, with wealth and poverty, with the lawful and the forbidden, with obedience and disobedience, with guidance and error."

   His words وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ — "And to Us you shall be returned." He says: they are brought back to Us, whereupon We requite them for their deeds — the good and the evil.

   Show original Arabic

   وقوله ( كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: كل نفس منفوسة من خلقه، معالجة غصص الموت ومتجرّعة كأسها. وقوله ( وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً ) يقول تعالى ذكره: ونختبركم أيها الناس بالشر وهو الشدة نبتليكم بها، وبالخير وهو الرخاء والسعة العافية فنفتنكم به. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين: قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جُرَيج، قال: قال ابن عباس، قوله ( وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً ) قال: بالرخاء والشدة، وكلاهما بلاء. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً ) يقول: نبلوكم بالشر بلاء، والخير فتنة، ( وإلينا ترجعون). حدثنا يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد، في قوله ( وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ ) قال: نبلوهم بما يحبون وبما يكرهون، نختبرهم بذلك لننظر كيف شكرهم فيما يحبون، وكيف صبرهم فيما يكرهون. حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، قوله ( وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ ) يقول: نبتليكم بالشدة والرخاء، والصحة والسقم، والغنى والفقر، والحلال والحرام، والطاعة والمعصية، والهدى والضلالة، وقوله ( وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ ) يقول: وإلينا يردّون فيجازون بأعمالهم، حسنها وسيئها.