Tafseer of Taa-Haa · Taa-Haa · 20:59
[Moses] said, "Your appointment is on the day of the festival when the people assemble at mid-morning."
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
فَلَنَأْتِيَنَّكَ بِسِحْرٍ مِثْلِهِ فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ مَوْعِدًا — then we shall surely bring you a sorcery like it, so set an appointed time between us and you, which we shall not break, so that we may come with a sorcery like that which you have brought, and we shall see which of us overcomes his adversary. We shall not break that appointed time. نَحْنُ وَلا أَنْتَ مَكَانًا سُوًى — He says: at a neutral place, lying equally between us and you, a just place.
The reciters of the Qurʾān have differed among themselves in the reading of this word. The majority of the reciters of the Ḥijāz and Baṣra, as well as some of the Kūfans, read مَكَانًا سِوًى with kasra on the sīn; the majority of the Kūfan reciters read مَكَانًا سُوًى with ḍamma.
Imam al-Ṭabarī says: The correct reading in this matter, in our judgment, is that both variants are dialectal forms — that is, the kasra and the ḍamma on the sīn of "siwā" — both of which are well known in Arabic, and that scholars among the reciters have used each of these readings, while both have the same meaning. So the reciter who reads either of the two has hit upon what is right. Moreover, the Arabs, when it has the meaning of justice and equality, have a variant that is better known than both the kasra and the ḍamma, namely the fatḥa with lengthening, as Allah — exalted be His praise — says: تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ (Come to a common word between us and you). When the sīn is pronounced with fatḥa, the vowel is lengthened; when it is pronounced with kasra or ḍamma, it remains short, as the poet said:
"Truly our father settled in a land — / sūwā (lying equal) between the Qays of Qays ʿAylān and the Fizr."
Comparable to this word are the nouns: ṭuwā and ṭawā, thanā and thunā, ʿadā and ʿudā.
In accordance with what we have said about this, the commentators have spoken.
Among those who said this:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word مَكَانًا سُوًى : he said: "lying equally between them."
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid — to the same effect.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning مَكَانًا سُوًى : that is to say: lying rightfully between us and you.
Al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word مَكَانًا سُوًى : he said: a neutral place between us and you.
Mūsā related to us, saying: ʿAmr related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī, concerning فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ مَوْعِدًا لا نُخْلِفُهُ نَحْنُ وَلا أَنْتَ مَكَانًا سُوًى : he said: "that is to say: rightful."
Ibn Zayd said concerning it — as Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning مَكَانًا سُوًى : a flat, level terrain so that it is clear to the people what takes place, without a slope or obstacle that conceals anything from view — level so that one may see it.