Tafseer of The Cave · Al-Kahf · 18:31
Those will have gardens of perpetual residence; beneath them rivers will flow. They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and will wear green garments of fine silk and brocade, reclining therein on adorned couches. Excellent is the reward, and good is the resting place.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The exposition of the interpretation of the words of the Exalted: أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمُ الأَنْهَارُ يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَيَلْبَسُونَ ثِيَابًا خُضْرًا مِنْ سُنْدُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُتَّكِئِينَ فِيهَا عَلَى الأَرَائِكِ نِعْمَ الثَّوَابُ وَحَسُنَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا (18:31)
Allah, exalted is His praise, says: For those who believed and did good deeds there are Gardens of Eden — that is to say: gardens of everlasting abode in the hereafter. تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمُ الأَنْهَارُ — He says: The rivers flow below them and before their eyes. Allah, exalted is His praise, said: "from beneath them" — but the meaning is: below them and before their faces.
يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ — He says: They wear therein as adornments bracelets of gold. The asāwir are the plural of isawār.
His words: وَيَلْبَسُونَ ثِيَابًا خُضْرًا مِنْ سُنْدُسٍ —
Al-sundus is a plural whose singular is sundusa; this is the fine silk (dībāj). Al-istabraq is the thick, heavy silk. It has also been said: al-istabraq is silk (ḥarīr). From this derives the saying of al-Muraqqish:
"تَرَهُنَّ يَلْبَسْنَ المَشاعِرَ مَرَّةً / وإسْتَبْرَقَ الدِّيباجِ طَوْرًا لِباسُها"
— he means: the thick dībāj.
His words: مُتَّكِئِينَ فِيهَا عَلَى الأَرَائِكِ — He says: Reclining in the Gardens of Eden upon the arāʾik. These are the thrones within the bridal-bed pavilions (ḥijāl), the singular being arīka. From this derives the saying of the poet:
"خُدُودا جَفَتْ فِي السَّيْرِ حَتَّى كَأنَّمَا / يُبَاشِرْنَ بِالمَعْزَاءِ مَسَّ الأَرَائِكِ"
And from this the saying of al-Aʿshā:
"بَيْنَ الرَّوَاقِ وَجَانِبٍ مِنْ سِتْرِها / مِنْها وَبَيْنَ أَرِيكَةِ الأَنْضَادِ"
In nearly the same sense have the exegetes spoken.
Mention of those who said this:
Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning عَلَى الأَرَائِكِ : "They are the ḥijāl," he said. Maʿmar said: Another said: "The thrones within the ḥijāl."
His words: نِعْمَ الثَّوَابُ — He says: What an excellent reward are the Gardens of Eden, and that which Allah, exalted is His praise, has described that He has prepared for those who believed and did good deeds. وَحَسُنَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا — He says: And what a beautiful resting-place (murtafaq) are these arāʾik in these gardens which Allah, exalted is His praise, has described in this verse. Allah, exalted is His praise, said: وَحَسُنَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا with a feminine verb, in the sense of: "And these arāʾik are a beautiful resting-place" — but a masculine verb would also be correct on account of the masculinity of murtafaq itself, for niʿma and biʾsa are placed in the text by the Arabs only to indicate praise and blame, not for the verb as such — hence they use them in the masculine with feminine nouns, and in the singular with dual and plural nouns.