Tafseer of The Rock · Al-Hijr · 15:18
Except one who steals a hearing and is pursued by a clear burning flame.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ ("Except him who steals a hearing"): that is to say: but there are indeed among the devils some who stealthily eavesdrop on what takes place in heaven; whereupon a manifest blazing flame (shihāb mubīn) pursues them, making its trace visible upon them — either by damaging and ruining them, or by burning them.
A group of the Baṣran grammarians said concerning إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ: this is an exception standing outside the context (munqaṭiʿ), as one says: "I have no complaint but the good" — meaning: but let me mention the good. This position was rejected by others, who said: when "illā" has the meaning of "lākinna" (but), it operates as "lākinna" operates, and there is no need for an implicit "I mention." They said: if that were nevertheless required, then saying "Zayd stood up, not ʿAmr" would likewise require the addition "I mention."
In agreement with what we have said about this, the exegetes spoke.
Mention of those who said this:
Al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad related to us, saying: ʿAffān ibn Muslim related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn Ziyād related to us, saying: al-Aʿmash related to us, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, saying: the devils ascend in troops to eavesdrop stealthily; then the most reckless among them detaches himself and climbs higher, whereupon he is struck with a flame — upon his forehead, his side, or wherever Allah wills — and he catches fire; then he returns burning to his companions and conveys to them what he has heard, however incomplete it may be; they then betake themselves to their brethren among the soothsayers and add to it manifold lies, and report it to them; and whenever they saw something of what they said come true, they believed the lies that had been brought to them.
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning: وَحَفِظْنَاهَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ رَجِيمٍ * إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ: he said: he attempted to steal the hearing, which is equivalent to His word: إِلا مَنْ خَطِفَ الْخَطْفَةَ.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning: إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ — this is equivalent to His word: إِلا مَنْ خَطِفَ الْخَطْفَةَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ ثَاقِبٌ.
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, concerning: إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ: he said: he snatched away a snippet.
It was related to me from al-Ḥusayn, saying: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd informed us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say, concerning: إِلا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ: this is equivalent to His word: إِلا مَنْ خَطِفَ الْخَطْفَةَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ ثَاقِبٌ. Ibn ʿAbbās used to say: the shooting stars do not kill, but they burn, damage, and wound without killing.
Al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, concerning: مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ رَجِيمٍ (from every stoned satan): he said: al-rajīm is the accursed. And he said: al-Qāsim cited al-Kisāʾī, who said: rajm (stoning) has in all places of the Qurʾān the meaning of: term of abuse.