Tafseer of Abraham · Ibrahim · 14:48
[It will be] on the Day the earth will be replaced by another earth, and the heavens [as well], and all creatures will come out before Allah, the One, the Prevailing.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
He, exalted be His mention, says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: فَلا تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ مُخْلِفَ وَعْدِهِ — the promise that He made to those who belied His messengers and rejected what they had brought to them from Him. He, exalted be His mention, said this to His Prophet in order to strengthen and confirm his resolve, and to impress upon him that He will strike with His wrath whoever belied him, rejected his prophethood, and rebuffed what he had brought to him from Allah — just as He struck those who walked the same path as the preceding peoples, who likewise belied the messengers, rejected their prophethood, and rebuffed what had been brought to them from Allah.
His word إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ ذُو انْتِقَامٍ — by إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ He means: nothing can withstand Him when He wills to punish something; He has power over all whom He seeks, and none escapes Him by fleeing. ذُو انْتِقَامٍ — against whoever disbelieved in His messengers, belied them, rejected their prophethood, ascribed partners to Him, and took besides Him another god.
The word مُخْلِفَ is annexed to وَعْدِهِ (promise) in the genitive — even though it is a verbal noun (infinitive) — because it takes the position of the noun. And رُسُلَهُ stands in the accusative on the basis of the underlying meaning: for the meaning is namely: do not think that Allah will break His promise to His messengers — whereby the promise, although it stands in the genitive through annexation to مُخْلِفَ , stands in meaning in the accusative. This is because "breaking" (al-ikhlāf) governs two distinct objects in the accusative, as one says: "I clothed ʿAbd Allāh with a garment" and "I made him enter a house." When the action governs two distinct objects in the accusative, it is permissible to bring forward whichever of the two one wishes, and to put that which immediately follows the action functioning as a noun in the genitive, while the second object stands in the accusative. One says: "I make ʿAbd Allāh enter the house" (with mudkhil + ʿAbd Allāh in the genitive and al-dār in the accusative) or "I make the house enter ʿAbd Allāh" (with mudkhil + al-dār in the genitive and ʿAbd Allāh in the accusative) — if one places the house before mudkhil and defers ʿAbd Allāh, then the house stands in the genitive as an annexation to mudkhil, and ʿAbd Allāh stands in the accusative; if one places ʿAbd Allāh before, and defers the house, then ʿAbd Allāh stands in the genitive as an annexation to mudkhil, and the house stands in the accusative. The reason for this is that the verb — that is, mudkhil — governs each of the two equally in the accusative. So too the verse of the poet:
تَرَى الثَّوْرَ فِيهَا مُدْخِلَ الظِّلِّ رَأْسَهُ — وَسَائِرُهُ بَادٍ إِلَى الشَّمْسِ أَجْمَعُ
(You see the bull therein inserting its head into the shade — while the rest of it is wholly exposed to the sun)
Here mudkhil is annexed to al-ẓill (the shade) in the genitive, while ra's (head) stands in the accusative — whereas the actual meaning of the sentence is: inserting its head into the shade. And so too the verse of another:
فَرِشْنِي بِخَيْرٍ لا أَكُونَ وَمِدْحَتِي — كَنَاحِتِ يَوْمٍ صَخْرَةً بِعَسِيلِ
(Adorn me with good, that I and my praise may not be like one who chips at a rock a whole day long with a little feather)
— al-ʿasīl is the feather with which perfume is swept together; the real meaning of the sentence is: like one who chips at a rock a whole day long with a little feather. And so too the verse of another:
رُبَّ ابْنِ عَمٍّ لِسُلَيْمَى مُشْمَعِلْ — طَبَّاخِ سَاعَاتِ الكَرَى زَادَ الكَسِلْ
(Many a cousin of Sulaymā there is, swift and ready — who cooks the provision of the sluggard in the hours of slumber)
— the actual meaning of the sentence is: who cooks the provision of the sluggard in the hours of slumber.
As for the reading in which one reads: فَلا تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ مُخْلِفَ وَعْدِهِ رُسُلُهُ — with rusul in the nominative — then we have already explained, in the sūra of al-Anʿām, at His word وَكَذَلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَتْلَ أَوْلادِهِمْ شُرَكَاؤُهُمْ , why this reading is far removed from correct Arabic — whereby sufficient proof has been furnished without it needing to be repeated here.