Tafseer of Joseph · Yusuf · 12:63
So when they returned to their father, they said, "O our father, [further] measure has been denied to us, so send with us our brother [that] we will be given measure. And indeed, we will be his guardians."
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of the words of Allah the Exalted: فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا مُنِعَ مِنَّا الْكَيْلُ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا أَخَانَا نَكْتَلْ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ (63)
Abū Jaʿfar said: Allah the Exalted says: When the brothers of Yūsuf returned to their father, قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا مُنِعَ مِنَّا الْكَيْلُ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا أَخَانَا نَكْتَلْ — that is to say: the additional measure beyond the measure that was already allotted to us was withheld from us; only a single camel-load was measured out for each man among us. فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا أَخَانَا — namely Binyāmīn — so that he may measure out for himself an additional camel-load on top of the camel-loads of our camels. وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ — that we will protect him so that no harm befalls him along the way.
In accordance with what we have said, the people of interpretation also said.
Mention of who said that:
19474 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, he said: ʿAmr related to us, on the authority of Asbāṭ, on the authority of al-Suddī: When they returned to their father they said: "Father, the king of Egypt honored us as not even a man from the progeny of Yaʿqūb would have been honored; he detained Shimʿūn as a pledge and said: bring me that brother of yours whom your father has singled out after the brother who perished; and if you do not bring him, then do not enter my land." Yaʿqūb said: هَلْ آمَنُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِلا كَمَا أَمِنْتُكُمْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ حَافِظًا وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ . He said: Yaʿqūb then said to them: "When you reach the king of Egypt, convey to him my greetings and say: our father prays for you and supplicates for you for good because of what you have shown us."
19475 — Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, he said: Salama related to us, on the authority of Ibn Isḥāq, who said: They set out until they reached their father. Their dwelling place was, as some scholars have told me, in al-ʿArabāt in the land of Palestine, in the lowland of al-Shām; others say: in al-Awlāj on the side of the mountain pass, lower than Ḥismā. He was a dweller of the desert with sheep and camels. They said: "Father, we have come to the best of men; he gave us lodging and lodged us excellently, he measured out for us and gave us full measure without shortchanging us; he has commanded us to bring him a brother of ours from our father's side, and said: if you do not do so, then do not come to me again and do not enter my land." Yaʿqūb said to them: هَلْ آمَنُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِلا كَمَا أَمِنْتُكُمْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ حَافِظًا وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ .
The Qurʾān reciters differed over the reading of the word نَكْتَلْ .
The majority of the reciters of Medina and some of those of Mecca and Kūfa read it as "naktal" with a nūn, with the meaning: so that both we and he may measure.
The majority of the reciters of Kūfa read it as "yaktal" with a yāʾ, with the meaning: so that he himself may measure for himself, just as we too measure for ourselves.
Abū Jaʿfar said: The correct view is that these are two well-known readings with a single agreed-upon meaning; whoever reads with either of the two readings has hit the truth. That is because they informed their father that they had been refused more measure than the number of their heads; they said: يَا أَبَانَا مُنِعَ مِنَّا الْكَيْلُ ; then they asked him to send the brother with them so that he could measure for himself. If he measures for himself and they measure for themselves, the brother is counted in their number. Whether the statement is about him alone, or about all of them with an expression for the plural — the meaning of the expression and its intent are clear in both cases.
Note: In the manuscript it reads "min Ḥisw," but the printed edition has the correct version.