Tafseer of Hud · Hud · 11:28
He said, "O my people have you considered: if I should be upon clear evidence from my Lord while He has given me mercy from Himself but it has been made unapparent to you, should we force it upon you while you are averse to it?
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of the word of Allah the Exalted: قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُ عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّي وَآتَانِي رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَعُمِّيَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنُلْزِمُكُمُوهَا وَأَنْتُمْ لَهَا كَارِهُونَ ("He said: 'O my people, have you considered: if I am upon a clear proof from my Lord and He has given me a mercy from Himself, and it has been made obscure to you — can we compel you to it while you are averse to it?'") (28)
Abū Jaʿfar said: Allah the Exalted informs us of what Noah said to his people after they had denied him and rejected the counsel he had brought them from Allah: ("O my people, have you considered: if I am upon a clear proof from my Lord") — upon knowledge, insight, and clarity from Allah concerning what is obligatory upon me toward Him, and what is incumbent upon me in worshipping Him alone and in refraining from taking idols as associates alongside Him in that worship. ("and He has given me a mercy from Himself") — He says: and He has given me from Himself the tawfīq (divine enabling), the prophethood, and the wisdom, so that I believed in Him and obeyed Him in what He commanded me and forbade me. ("and it has been made obscure to you").
The reciters differed over the reading of this.
The majority of the reciters of Medina and some of those of Basra and Kufa read it as (faʿamiyat) with fatḥa on the ʿayn and a light mīm, with the meaning: the mercy has become obscured to you so that you could not be guided to it, recognize it, and believe in your messenger.
The majority of the reciters of Kufa read it as (faʿummiyat) with ḍamma on the ʿayn and tashdīd on the mīm, relying on the reading of ʿAbdallāh. That is because in the reading of ʿAbdallāh, as transmitted, it stands as (faʿammāhā ʿalaykum) ("He has concealed it from you").
Abū Jaʿfar said: The most correct reading in this regard, in my opinion, is the reading of the one who reads it as (faʿummiyat) with ḍamma on the ʿayn and tashdīd on the mīm, for the reason which those mentioned have stated for the one who reads it thus, and because of its proximity to the words: ("if I am upon a clear proof from my Lord and He has given me a mercy from Himself"), in which the "mercy" is attributed to Allah; so it is likewise more fitting that its "obscuring from the others" be attributed to Him.
This is one of the expressions in which the Arabs have shifted the verb from its proper position. The human being is the one who is made blind to seeing the truth, not "the truth" which is described with blindness — except in the usage that has become customary in the language. And this, in its being permissible, is identical to the Arabic expression: "the ring entered into my finger and the boot into my foot," while it is known that it is the finger that goes into the ring and the toe into the boot. But the Arabs use this thus, because the intended meaning is clear.
And His word: ("can we compel you to it while you are averse to it") — He says: Can we compel you to enter Islam while Allah has made it obscure to you? ("while you are averse to it") — He says: while you are averse to our compelling you. He says: We do not do that, but we leave your affair to Allah, until He renders concerning your affair the judgment that He sees and wills.
Opinions in agreement with what we have said have been expressed by the exegetes of the Qurʾān (ahl al-taʾwīl).
Mention of who said this:
18106 — Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj; Noah said: ("O my people, if I am upon a clear proof from my Lord"), he said: I have recognized it and have thereby recognized His command, and that there is no god but Allah. ("and He has given me a mercy from Himself") — Islam, guidance, faith, judgment, and prophethood.
18107 — Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda concerning the words: ("if I am upon a clear proof from my Lord"), the whole verse — By Allah, if the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had been able to, he would have imposed it upon his people. But he was not capable of that and did not possess it.
18108 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: my father related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Dāwūd, on the authority of Abū al-ʿĀliya; he said: in the reading of Ubayy it stands as: ("Can we compel you to it from our own side while you are averse to it").
18109 — Al-Muthanná related to me, saying: Isḥāq related to us, saying: ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Zubayr related to us, on the authority of Ibn ʿUyayna, he said: ʿAmr ibn Dīnār informed us, saying: Ibn ʿAbbās read: ("Can we compel you to it from our own side"). ʿAbdallāh said: "from our own side" means: from ourselves.
18110 — Al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us, saying: Ibn ʿUyayna related to us, on the authority of ʿAmr ibn Dīnār, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: the same.
18111 — Al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind, on the authority of Abū al-ʿĀliya, on the authority of Ubayy ibn Kaʿb: ("Can we compel you to it from our heart, while you are averse to it").